A 54 year-old woman with a history of hypothyroidism, hypertension, depression and joint pains develops fatigue, facial rash, headaches, dizziness, confusion, diarrhea and personality changes. She takes levothyroxine, hydralazine, amitriptyline and ibuprofen. Which of these drugs is most likely responsible for this patient new symptom? A- Levothyroxine B- Hydralazine C- Amitriptyline D- Ibuprofen Answer: This … Read more
A 12 year old child is brought to his psychiatric for an evaluation of abnormal behavior. His teachers contacted his parents several times because he always cheats and lies at school. He also shoots family dog with his BB gun although he gets in trouble doing that. He has no remorse on hitting other kids … Read more
A 48-year-old woman is taken for autopsy after she is pronounced dead. Her family found her unresponsive and the ER team performed CPR but she didn’t respond. The autopsy reveals the cause of death as internal hemorrhage from an artery close to the posterior wall of the body of the stomach due to erosion of … Read more
Ligamentum venosum separates the caudate lobe and the left lobe of the liver. It is formed by the closure of fetal ductus venosus right after birth. What is the function of ductus venosus before birth? A- Carries blood to the fetus from the placenta B- Carries blood to the placenta from the fetus C- Connects … Read more
Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process in which glucose is generated from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. Which one of the following substrates does NOT share its carbon in glucose skeleton but rather contributes as an energy source for gluconeogenesis? A- Acetyl CoA B- Alpha-ketoglutarate C- Fumarate D- Oxaloacetate E- Succinyl CoA Answer: Acetyl CoA is an energy … Read more
1- A researcher compares a certain group of people with a disease to another group of people without that disease. What is the type of this study and what is the ratio associated with it? The study is case-control study and the ratio is Odds ratio (OR). Patients with lung cancer had higher odds of … Read more